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- Spatial Theory
- Mapping the spherical Earth including, geodesy, grids, datums,
and projection systems.
- The map as a medium for locational and positional information.
- Spatial elements
- Spatial measurement levels.
- Spatial patterns.
- Map scale, minimum mapping unit, and map accuracy.
- Map classes.
- Data structures.
- Raster/Vector data models
- Data compaction methods
- Data input, vector/raster transformations, digitizing, and
scale variances.
- The role of remote sensing in GIS applications.
- Editing and storing spatial data.
- Elementary spatial analysis.
- Fundamental questions in any spatial query.
- Storage/retrieval functions.
- Constrained queries.
- Boolean operators.
- Counting, location, distance, contiguity, and shape functions
for point, line, and area spatial elements.
- Causal relationships in scientific inquiry.
- Measurement.
- Lengths (radius of curvature, sinuosity, edginess).
- Polygons (area, perimeter, shape).
- Personal distances (friction, impedance, incremental, cost).
- Classification
- Range graded.
- Normalization.
- Constrained math.
- Neighborhood functions.
- Filters.
- Buffers.
- Terrain reclassification (slope, aspect, profiling,
intervisibility analysis).
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