Ecology (B/C):

Sat, Oct 27

          North American Forests/deserts
            Food web - study/practice by building a food web with plastic animals

            Animal skills - organize into a food chain using teeth

            Study different vegetations & soil types
            Understand graphs & tables

            Identify pictures of different biomes

            Identify animals characteristics, i.e. nurturing, etc
            Know food chains and webs

 

            Ecology Resources:

                    http://fso.creol.ucf.edu/conference

                    User Name conference   Password cc2007

                    East - Orlando Oct 19-20, 2007

                    Ecology

                    ECOLOGYscience olympics.doc

                    ECOLOGYscience olympics2007.doc

                    ECOLOGY science olympics Key.doc

          

 

          Science Olympiad San Francisco, Oct 6, 2007

          Session #4: ECOLOGY (B Event) Notes from Andy Pollaehne

 

Students will answer questions involving content knowledge and process skills in the area of ecology and adaptation in Forests and Deserts.

 

The California state event coordinator is trying to narrow forests and deserts to a more specific forest and desert. This is a very broad subject with 6 major forest biomes and 6 desert biomes.

 

Things the student should study:

            Define variables
            Analyze data from graphs and tables
          Present data from graphs and tables
            Energy flow through food chains and webs
            Trophic pyramids

            Nitrogen Cycle, Carbon Cycle, and Water Cycle

            Community Interactions

            Population Dynamics

                        Doubling time
            Human Impacts on Ecosystems 
                        Climate change
                        Invasive species

                        Acid rain

                        Erosion
                        Pollution (too general!)
          Energy
                        Alternatives, pros, cons
                        Environmental effects

 

50% of questions at the state competition should involve a comparison of 2 North American ecosystems. WOW!!!

2008 Forests/Deserts (North American) ……coniferous, deciduous, rainforest?

 

Websites:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology

 

http://www.barrameda.com.ar/ecology/

 

http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/nceas-web/kids/biomes/list_biomes.htm

 

 

 

Electric Vehicle (C):

Sat, Oct 27

Experiment with batteries (Use disposable ones) or if rechargeable make

                        sure they are fully charged

            Steady speed - work on getting car to stop

 

 

          Electric Buggy Notes from Trish Wade 

          Coaches Conference in San Francisco

Object of the event:

Must go a certain distance, then stop

You must start the vehicle with a dowel (you can’t touch or push the vehicle to start it.

They will tell you the distance at the event.

All vehicles & batteries need to be impounded

Tricks:

You can use a laptop which does not need to be impounded

You can use a programmable kit.

4.8 volts or less (the batteries must be rated at that amount)

The more practice the better

Make sure batteries are charged

Practice with the batteries

BEWARE of battery performance (experiment w/batteries)

You want a sustainable & predictable speed

The car should be fairly light so it can start & stop easily

How do you make it stop?

Brake like in scrambler

Range sensors (may be allowed ?)

Mechanical devise that turns off the car or pulls the battery connection at a

certain point

How do you make it stop?

Brake like in scrambler

Range sensors (may be aloud ?)

Mechanical devise that turns off the car or pulls the battery connection at a

certain point

 

 

 

 

Experimental Design (B/C):

Aug 1-3 Science Olympiad Teacher Training Camp

Presented by Louise Moulding (Utah event coordinator)

 

General Tips:

              Do a quick experiment so you can cover everything in the rubric – only have 1 hour

                        to do the experiment

            All students need to engage in experimental design
            Students are not allowed in room until event is set up
            This event is about organization and knowing the science information
            Students need to have organization abilities
            Know how to conduct an experiment – know & understand variables
            2-3 people in a group
            Use repeated trials
What to bring:
            Goggles
            Pencil
            Calculator

 

Strategies:

Gather a bunch of supplies then go and do an experiment OR

            Decide what to test then get supplies

            Be creative

            Divide up the labor between team members - have 1 person write & do graphs, have 1

                        person who works with their hands, have 1 person who thinks out of the box

            Appoint a lead student (after a certain amount of time into the event, the lead student’s

                        word is law and the group has to go by it, if the team is having difficulty agreeing)

            Know how to handle materials

            Know how to measure

            Have person appointed to do the writing while the experiment is being conducted to

save time later (this person can be writing up “materials used, procedure, hypothesis, etc)

Show students the rubric so they know what to do – what needs to be done during the

            time frame of the event

 Know science terms and what they mean, know vocabulary - Use vocabulary for the

            ILO’s in regards to experiment

Use the rubric for all lab write-ups in regular class work so that you don’t have to practice

            separately from what you do in class

Teach them what is important for competition strategies and also for learning purposes

Use journals to help them see the data

Have them make a lab manual because that’s what scientists do

Have them do the coca-cola experiment for practice:

             Use regular coke, diet coke, and other flavors

             The purpose of this experiment is to see if the student can identify what the

                        different flavors are; the catch is they can’t taste it

             You can test stickiness, sugar or anything that the student can think of to

                        distinguish between the flavors

Going through the Rubric

Statement-

            What is the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable?

Hypothesis-

            Needs to be directional, taking a stand

                        We predict ball X will roll father than ball Y BECAUSE . . .

            Needs to be rational, need to state reasoning

Standard of Comparison

                        Standard of comparison is the controlled condition

                        Variables - materials

            Operational Definition:

                                    As measured by cm

                                    As evidenced by __________

                        Define independent variable

            Give enough information that someone else can conduct this experiment

            Practice writing procedure

 

Qualitative Observations:

            Write them down

            Tell the story that goes along with the experiment

            Exp.: We had to modify . . .

            Give details, notes, annotations

Quantitative Data (statistics):

            All data must have units

            Raw data put into a neat table

            Statistics (range, mode, median, mean)

            Explain calculations- show how you calc. the statistics

            Use the appropriate type of graph for what you tested

                        Bar graph- Time Line- Scatter plot

                        Teach them how to use graphs, and which formats to use

                        Label the axes with correct title

Analysis and Interpretation of results:

            What it is

            What it means

            Summary statements

Experimental Errors

            Write down what didn’t work and what went wrong

Conclusion:

            Address the hypothesis (restate it)

            Report more studies are needed or data didn’t support hypothesis (if your

hypothesis didn’t match your results)

            Give good explanation as to why your hypothesis was correct

Recommendations for further experimentation:

            This is your opportunity to say what you would do different if you could redo it

 

 

Sat, Oct 27

Make sure students have the following for the competition:

            timepiece

            rulers

            calculators

 

                        Experimental Design Resources:

                        http://fso.creol.ucf.edu/conference

                        User Name conference          Password cc2007

                        West - San Francisco Oct 5-6, 2007

                        Experimental Design

                                    ExperimentalDesign 2008 28sept07.doc

                                    SciOlympiad07.doc (paper mini-helicopter experimental design

                                                activity handout)

                                    exptdesignrubrics.doc

 

Five-Star Science ( C):

Sat, Oct 27

          Want best science student (science sterling scholar)

            Want best math student (math sterling scholar)

            Good event for AP students 

            Inquiry & data analysis is a big part of the event

            Resources: Purchase scientific tables (i.e. periodic table, etc) and laminate for resources

            Strategy: Key is to divide and conquer in this event - team divides up tasks in event

 

Food Science (B/C):

Sat, Oct 27

Know how to read a label

 

Forensics ( C): For notes on Forensics - See Science Crimebusters/Forensics

 

 

Health Science ( C): For notes on Health Science - See Anatomy/Health Science

 

 

Herpetology ( C): For notes on Herpetology - See Amphibians & Reptiles/

                                                                                                      Herpetology