|
Answers
to Case Questions
1.
The total area seen by an eye when fixed on a central point.
2.
CNS tumors, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hyper-
tension,
multiple sclerosis.
3.
Measuring the smallest line read on an eye chart when standing at
a predetermined distance.
4.
To detect changes in vision.
5.
The myelin sheath is attacked and eventually destroyed.
6.
The body's immune response may attack the myelin sheath in
response to a virus.
7.
Nerves are damaged causing interference in functions controlled
by the nervous system.
8.
Vision, speech, walking, writing, memory.
9.
Some of the myelin may be repaired but some may disappear.
Scarring may occur. Material deposited into the scars forms
plaques.
10.
Relapsing-remitting (RR-MS) which is a series of attacks followed
by a partial or complete disappearance of symptoms.
11.
PP-MS there is a gradual decline in abilities with only short
periods of slight relief. In RR-MS there is long
asymptomatic periods with brief periods of relapse.
12.
Visual disturbances, muscle weakness, spasms, fatigue, numbness,
and prickling pain or sensation in extremeties.
13.
A large donut-shaped x-ray machine takes x-ray images at many
different angles around the body. These images are processed by a
computer to produce cross-sectional pictures of the body. In each
of these pictures the body is seen as an x-ray "slice"
of the body, which is recorded on a film. This recorded image is
called a tomogram. "Computerized Axial Tomography"
refers to the recorded tomogram "sections" at different
levels of the body.
14.
An MRI scan uses magnetism, radio waves, and a computer to
produce images of body structures. A CT scan uses a series
of x-rays.
15.
An MRI scan produces much greater detail than a CT scan.
16.
Insertion of a needle into the spinal canal to withdraw
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for testing.
17.
The plaques are caused by areas of demyelination in the nerves.
Scar tissues is formed and material deposited in the scar tissue
forming the plaques.
18.
It may take many years for the demyelination and the scarring
process to occur. The body repairs some of the myelin
following an attack.
19.
Steroids are used to reduce inflammation. They are
nonspecific and have many side affects.
B-interferons
suppress the immune system, thus reducing attacks on the myelin
sheath.
|
