1. Review the endocrine functions of the
pancreas in the workbook.
a. Describe the location of the
pancreas.
b. Describe the exocrine and
endocrine functions of the pancreas.
c. Identify the cells that produce
glucagon and insulin.
d. Define the action of pancreatic
hormones to include glucagon and insulin.
e. Discuss the regulation of blood
glucose to include the negative feedback control of glucagon and
insulin.
2. Review acid-base balance in your
workbook and the case study.
a. Define normal blood pH.
b. Describe the pH scale. Define
numbers on the scale that correlate to a negative pH, acidic pH, and alkaline
pH.
c. Define a normal blood pH
d. Define diabetic ketoacidosis.
Discuss what leads to this condition in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Define the laboratory tests useful in diagnosing DKA.
e. List three key diagnostic values
obtained from an arterial blood gas.
3. Define the following medical terms:
Organomegaly, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, insulin, hypertension, and hypotension.
4. From the case study, review diabetes
mellitus to include:
a. Define diabetes mellitus. Explain
the difference between Type I and Type II diabetes.
Describe the differences in treatment.
b. Describe symptoms in untreated
diabetes mellitus.
c. Define the tests used in
diagnosing diabetes mellitus.
d. Discuss the possible
complications of diabetes mellitus.
5.
a. Contrast the different symptoms in hypoglycemia and
hyperglycemia.
b. List conditions under which an
individual with diabetes may become hyperglycemic.
c. List conditions under which an
individual with diabetes may become hypoglycemic.
d. Compare possible complications of
hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.
6. Review the diagnostic testing in the
case.
a. Define the single laboratory test
that is the most useful in diagnosing a patient with diabetes mellitus.
b. Describe the purpose of a
chemistry screen.
c. Name the electrolytes. List
disease states that may cause each to be abnormal.
d. List 2 chemical tests indicative
of kidney function.
e. List the chemistry results that
may be abnormal in a patient in DKA. Describe why these tests are
abnormal.
f. List the urine laboratory tests
that are useful in diagnosing diabetes mellitus.
g. Define the forces that cause
blood pressure. Define systolic and diastolic blood pressure. List risks of
hypertension.
h. Define critical values measured
with an arterial blood gas (ABG) and describe their relevance to a
patient in DKA.
7. Review the health care professionals
involved in this case.
a. Describe why the services of a
dietician are important to a diabetic patient.
b. Summarize the diagnostic tests
that would help a pediatrician diagnose a patient with diabetic symptoms.
c. Explain the role of a respiratory
therapist in detecting an acid base imbalance.
d. Describe the types of patients an
endocrinologist would treat.
e. Describe the role social workers
play in a medical setting.
f. List areas in which a clinical
nurse specialist may function.
g. Describe ways the health care
professionals in this case are dependent upon each
other in treating a patient with diabetes.
